Newcomers Club
For newcomers and current members alike, this is the place to get answers for more entry-level... View more
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Reply To: Questions – vitamin C
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Very welcome. Yes, knowledge is power… and don’t forget the glutamine which fuels flush niacin (and goes to crap as niacin does, and must be restored or supplemented to protect along with niacin to restore and preserve, respectively, niacin and health too):
“Therefore, NAD+ boosters would be effective for the prevention of COVID-19 or immediately after the infection with SARS-CoV-2″
“the glutamine supply for both the de novo synthesis and Preiss-Handler pathways is indispensable for NAD+ synthesis”
Comorbidity-associated glutamine deficiency is a predisposition to severe COVID-19
https://nature.com/articles/s41418-021-00892-y“pharmacological interventions to enhance NAD levels via niacin will boost innate immunity to coronaviruses”
Coronavirus infection and PARP expression dysregulate the NAD metabolome: An actionable component of innate immunity
https://jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(17)50676-6/fulltext“Hospitalization time was 10.4 ± 1.9 days in Covid-19 without L-Glutamine group and 8.9 ± 1.8 days in Covid-19 with L-Glutamine group (p = .005). In Covid-19 without the L-Glutamine group, four patients require the ICU though no one in the other group required that (p = .038)”
“adding enteral glutamine to the normal nutrition in the early period of Covid-19 infection will shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce the need for ICU”
Effect of oral l-Glutamine supplementation on Covid-19 treatment
https://clinicalnutritionopenscience.com/article/S2352-9393(20)30016-6/fulltext“Reduced glutamine in COVID 19 may have adverse consequences for the patients’ prognosis. In COVID19 patients, depleted glutamine levels might be trigger differentiation of myofibroblasts from fibroblasts and increase abnormal collagen synthesis and fibrosis in the lungs”
“Enteral or parenteral administration of glutamine will correct the duration and pathophysiology of the patients’ stay in hospital and intensive care.”
Glutamine-Driven Metabolic Adaptation to COVID-19 Infection
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12291-022-01037-9“NaAD+ accelerates the kcat/Km of the Qns1 glutaminase active site by ∼50-fold with a reversible substrate dissociation constant (Ks) that is 24-fold lower than the Km of Qns1 for NaAD+ to NAD+ product formation. Whereas this mode of regulation reduces the glutamine to NAD+ efficiency at low NaAD+ levels, it effectively reduces the waste of glutamine on an absolute basis in the absence of NaAD+. Moreover, at high NaAD+ levels, Qns1 achieves maximal glutamine to NAD+ efficiency and becomes strictly limited by glutamine levels to produce NAD”
Glutamine-dependent NAD+ Synthetase
https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925820705235“sickle cells have a higher level of active transport and utilization of glutamine, an amino that is required for NAD+ synthesis. (3) They then demonstrated that L-glutamine administration modestly increases NAD+ levels in sickle cells but more significantly increases the redox potential defined by the ratio of NADH to the sum of NADH plus NAD+. (4) This change in NAD redox potential appears to decrease their sensitivity to oxidative stress. Glutamine may have additional beneficial effects by facilitating protein and glutathione synthesis.
L-Glutamine facilitates NAD+ synthesis as the substrate for the glutaminase activity of NAD synthetase, which uses the ammonia it releases from glutamine to convert nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide”
A New Step in the Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00785FDA approved L-glutamine powder for the treatment of sickle cell disease
https://fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approved-l-glutamine-powder-treatment-sickle-cell-diseaseNiacin to Improve Blood Flow in People With Sickle Cell Disease
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00508989“SCD [sickle cell disease] are at greater risk of severe illness & death from respiratory (lung) infections, including COVID-19, than people w/o SCD.
In 2020, there were 1,023 SCD-related deaths reported in the USA.
Rate of sickle cell disease-related death appears higher during the COVID-19 pandemic
https://cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/features/covid19-sicklecell.html#:~:text=People%20with%20SCD%20are%20at,%2D19%20vaccine%20(shot)“Given their young average age (28.6 years), these rates are striking.”
People w/ sickle cell disease who developed COVID have high rates of hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, & death
https://cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/features/scd-and-covid-19.htmlThere are so many more, but just a sample above ^
+ see here: https://hom3ostasis.com/2022/11/homo-sapien-vs-hom3ostasien/
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